Transmission of diseases from animals to humans
Various septic diseases can be transmitted to humans in many ways, including direct contact, indirect contact and transmission from human to human as well as from animal to human, and different types of foreign bodies such as viruses, bacteria, parasites and fungi can cause all types of septic diseases, malaria, measles and respiratory diseases are considered.
Examples of septic diseases, and the transmission of septic diseases from animals to humans occurs by scratching or biting animals to humans or when dealing with animal waste.
In this article, we will talk about dog diseases that are transmitted to humans, and details will be given to the most common of these diseases.
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| dog relationship with humans |
Diseases of dogs transmitted to humans
The dog relationship with humans is a relationship that provides comfort, reduces stress, and increases a sense of relaxation, as dogs have a positive impact on various aspects of life, influence on the social and emotional side and provide a relatively active lifestyle, but despite all the advantages that these pets have, there are many.
One of the diseases of dogs that are transmitted to humans, which everyone who owns a dog must identify, detect and how to deal with them, and although disease-causing microorganisms are rarely transmitted from dogs to humans, they may cause many diseases, which vary from being Mild skin diseases to serious systemic diseases that must be dealt with seriously, and the following is a mention of some of the most common dog diseases transmitted to humans, which will be detailed individually later:
- Campylobacter, which is caused by infection with Campylobacter.
- Tapeworm infection in dogs.
- Infection with hookworm.
- Roundworm infestation.
- rabies.
As for the diseases of dogs that are transmitted to humans, which are less common than the previous ones, the following can be mentioned:
- Brucellosis: It is a bacterial disease that is transmitted to humans through unpasteurized milk or infected animals, and people with brucellosis suffer from the onset of symptoms within 6 to 8 weeks From infection, the symptoms are similar to the symptoms of a cold, and last from two to four weeks, but it is possible to develop into a chronic infection that is difficult to treat.
- Cryptosporidiosis: It is a disease that can be transmitted by infected dogs or contaminated water or food, and this parasite causes digestive symptoms such as watery diarrhea, painful abdominal cramps and nausea, and is often self-limiting and usually lasts from 2 to 4 days, and may be severe when Patients with a weakened immune system.
- Echinococcus or hydatid cyst disease: This disease affects many organs in the body, and usually does not cause symptoms for long periods of time, as it can remain asymptomatic for several years, and symptoms begin when the cyst begins to swell and press on neighboring or affected organs, and the most common areas Infection with these cysts is the liver and lungs.
- Giardiasis: Symptoms of this parasite include diarrhea, greasy stools, and dehydration. Infected people may also experience abdominal cramps, nausea, and vomiting, and symptoms usually persist for one to two weeks after infection.
- Leishmaniasis: which in turn is divided into cutaneous leishmaniasis, which is the most common, and causes one or more areas of painless skin ulcers, and visceral leishmaniasis, which leads to fever, weight loss, enlargement of the spleen and anemia, and dogs can transmit both types.
- Lyme disease: Lyme disease is a canine disease that is transmitted to humans due to a bacterium called Borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted mainly by a tick bite. This disease can spread to different areas of the body and cause serious problems when left untreated.
- Plague: It is a bacterial disease that occurs in animals and humans, and it can cause very serious problems when not treated, and people often develop plague as a result of exposure to flea bites or through contact with body fluids of infected animals, and it includes the most common types of plague - the plague Bubonic-: high-grade, sudden fever, chills, headache, swollen lymph nodes, etc.
There are also many canine diseases that are transmitted to humans, such as MRSA, Pasteurella, ringworm, Rocky Mountain fever, salmonella, and others.
Campylobacter infection
Campylobacter is a canine disease that is transmitted to humans, and it causes symptoms similar to those seen in salmonella infection, such as diarrhea and fever, and it can lead to many dangerous complications, and children have a higher chance of contracting this disease than adults, but the infection can occur in all Ages, and males have a higher chance of infection than females, and infections are more common in the summer than in the winter, and the infection usually lasts for a week, and symptoms begin a few days after infection, and the most common symptom of infection is diarrhea, and blood can be seen with stool, and it can also be.
That the disease is accompanied by nausea and abdominal pain, in addition to fever and bloating of the colon, and it is worth noting that some people do not have symptoms at all, and some who have a weak immune system can develop a very serious blood infection, and treatment is based on relieving symptoms in Initially, but when there is a weakened immune system, levofloxacin may be prescribed, or in other cases azithromycin or ciprofloxacin.
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| diseases of dogs |
Dog tapeworm
The canine tapeworm can be seen in dogs and cats, and it is also classified as a canine disease that is transmitted to humans, and it can be transmitted to dogs by ingestion of infected fleas, and although tapeworms are common, they rarely cause infection in pets or humans.
It is possible to detect this infection by seeing small pieces of rice grain moving close to the anal area, or in recent stools, and the affected animal in severe injuries may suffer from weight loss and mild diarrhea, and the infection occurs in children with a greater percentage than adults in humans, But the disease often remains asymptomatic, and flea control in the environment around pets is recommended as the best way to prevent the disease from occurring.
Ancylostomia infection
Ancylostomia worm infection is one of the most common causes of dog diseases that are transmitted to humans, as it can be transmitted to the infected person when he approaches barefoot dog droppings, sits near them, or touches the stool of the infected dog, as this worm can enter through the surface layers of the skin and cause disease, which is usually What manifests in a person with the following symptoms or some of them:
- The rash is in one area of the skin, which is typically red, raised and itchy.
- Weight loss.
- Anorexia.
- Respiratory complications such as wheezing and coughing.
- fever.
- Abdominal pain.
- diarrhea.
- Extreme tiredness and general weakness.
- Malnutrition or iron deficiency anemia.
- Problems related to the physical and psychological development of children as a result of severe anemia.
- Heart failure and swelling of tissues over a large area of the body as a result of severe anemia.
Rabies
When talking about dog diseases that are transmitted to humans, it is necessary to talk about rabies, as it is one of the deadly viruses that can be transmitted from humans to animals, and despite the convergence of the name of this disease with the dog animal, the virus leading to infection can be transmitted through The path of many wild animals, such as raccoons, skunks, bats and foxes, in addition to dogs, cats and farm animals, and the disease is transmitted mainly through the bite of an infected animal to humans, and due to the seriousness of this disease and being one of the most dangerous diseases of dogs transmitted to humans, it will be detailed in its symptoms and methods used in Try to treat and prevent it.
Symptoms of rabies
Symptoms seen at the onset of rabies may be very similar to those of a cold, and may last for several days, while symptoms develop later. Later symptoms of rabies include the following:
- Fever.
- a headache.
- nausea.
- vomiting.
- Worry.
- commotion.
- Confusion.
- hyperkinesis;
- difficulty swallowing;
- hypersalivation
- Fear of drinking fluids due to difficulty swallowing water in general.
- hallucinations;
- Insomnia or difficulty sleeping.
- palsy.
Since this disease is one of the most dangerous diseases of dogs that are transmitted to humans, medical attention must be obtained quickly and directly after exposure to a dog or any other animal, or exposure to any animal that may be infected with rabies, based on the various injuries and the situation in which the injury occurred.
The doctor can decide the most appropriate treatment option in order to prevent the occurrence of this disease, and appropriate medical care must be sought even when the presence of the bite is not sure, for example, when waking up and finding a bat in the room.
It is possible that the person has been exposed A bat is bitten without knowing it or waking up, and then it is necessary to guess the presence of the bite and work on this basis.
Medical procedures when exposed to rabies
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| diseases dogs |
When rabies occurs, there is no effective treatment option to get rid of it, and although a small number of patients recover and survive this disease, it often causes death, and therefore when exposed to a dog bite or suspicion of rabies, you must go directly to the medical centers.
Specialized in order to obtain a series of injections that prevent the spread of sepsis and its reinforcement within the body, and the animal in which some person has been infected is usually examined for infection, but when the animal is not present, it is better to guess that it has rabies, and this matter It can depend on many other factors, such as the type of animal and the condition in which the bite occurred, injections designed to prevent rabies include the following:
- A rapid-acting injection, which contains rabies immune globulin, in order to prevent infection quickly and effectively, and a portion of this injection can be given near the area of the bite if possible, and as soon as possible after it occurs.
- A series of rabies vaccines, in order to train the body to know the required virus, in order to enhance the immune ability to resist it. Rabies vaccines are obtained as an injection in the arm, and are usually given as four injections over 14 days.
Roundworm infection
Roundworms are also one of the most common diseases of dogs that are transmitted to humans, and these worms cause what is called toxoplasmosis, and it is possible for both dogs and animals to become infected with this disease by swallowing the eggs of these worms from the environment surrounding the shell, and in addition, larval worms can cross The placenta, milk and colostrum issued by mother dogs, which leads to the transmission of the disease to young dogs, which in turn may suffer from weak growth and development, and they can have the appearance of a large and abnormal abdomen, while in humans, the infection spreads more commonly In children from adults, there are two types of infection in humans, and they are as follows:
- Migratory larvae of the eye: This occurs when larvae invade the retina of the eye, causing scarring and inflammation, and also carries a chance of blindness.
- Visceral Migratory Larvae: This occurs when the larvae invade visceral parts of the body, such as the liver, lung, and central nervous system.
Prevention of canine diseases transmitted to humans
To achieve the prevention of canine diseases transmitted to humans, some procedures and guidelines recommended by the CDC in the United States of America can be taken, and among the measures to prevent these diseases are the following:
- Washing hands with soap and water after contact with dogs, dog saliva or dog waste, and children should also be sure to wash their hands after approaching dogs, as effective hand washing can reduce the risk of contracting various diseases of dogs that are transmitted to humans.
- Avoid dog bites and scratches that can get through them. Dog bites carry many risks and problems, most notably the possibility of rabies. Therefore, care must be taken when dealing with unfamiliar animals, and approach dogs with caution, even when these dogs seem tame from the outside.
- Completely get rid of dog waste, especially when they are in areas where children play, cleaning dog waste can help keep the place safe from dog diseases that are transmitted to humans, in addition to reducing the possibility of transmission of these diseases to other people or animals.
- Routinely visit the animal doctor when owning a pet, in order to assess the animal and maintain its health and keep it away from various diseases.